The Book of Songs 詩經
國風‧周南‧葛覃 Lessons from the states - Odes Of Zhou And The South - Ge Tan
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毛詩序 《葛覃》,后妃之本也。后妃在父母家,則志在於女功之事,躬儉節用,服澣濯之衣,尊敬師傅,則可以歸安父母,化天下以婦道也。詩文
葛之覃兮,施于中谷,維葉萋萋,黃鳥于飛,集于灌木,其鳴喈喈。
How the dolichos spread itself out,
Extending to the middle of the valley!
Its leaves were luxuriant;
The yellow birds flew about,
And collected on the thickly growing trees,
Their pleasant notes resounding far.
葛之覃兮,施于中谷,維葉莫莫,是刈是濩,為絺為綌,服之無斁。
How the dolichos spread itself out,
Extending to the middle of the valley!
Its leaves were luxuriant and dense.
I cut it and I boiled it,
And made both fine cloth and coarse,
Which I will wear without getting tired of it.
言告師氏,言告言歸,薄汙我私,薄澣我衣,害澣害否,歸寧父母。
I have told the matron,
Who will announce that I am going to see my parents.
I will wash my private clothes clean,
And I will rinse my robes.
Which need to be rinsed, which do not?
I am going back to visit my parents.
《葛覃》,三章,章六句。
註解
「葛」:葛根,豆科多年生植物,花紫紅色,纖維可以織布。
「覃」:長。
「施(音易,粵音二)」:移動,蔓延。
「維」:語气助詞,放于句首,無義。
「萋萋」:艸葉茂盛的樣子。
「黄鳥」:黃鸝或黃雀。
「于」:動詞詞綴,無義。
「喈喈」:鳥叫。
「莫莫」:茂密的樣子。
「是」:又。
「刈(音義,粵音艾)」:割艸,割断。
「濩(音穫,粵音穫)」:煮。
「絺(音吃,粵音痴)」:细葛布。
「綌(音戲,粵音郤,高息切)」:粗葛布。
「服」:穿着。
「斁(音義,粵音亦)」:厭倦,嫌棄。
「言」:語气助詞,無義。
「師氏」:學官,敎師,敎育輔導貴族子女之官。
「薄」:動詞詞頭,無義。
「汙」:同污,洗去汙垢。
「私」:日常衣物。
「澣」:同浣,水洗。
「害」:通「曷」,何。
「否」:不,沒有。
「歸寧」:回家省親。歸,返回;寧,告慰。
本作品在全世界都属于公有领域,因为作者逝世已经超过100年,并且于1923年1月1日之前出版。
English translation: James Legge
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