The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons 文心雕龍
風骨第二十八 Volume 28: Wind and Bone
Click on any word to see more details.
《詩》總六義,風冠其首,斯乃化感之本源,志氣之符契也。是以怊悵述情,必始乎風;沈吟鋪辭,莫先于骨。故辭之待骨,如體之樹骸;情之含風,猶形之包氣。結言端直,則文骨成焉;意氣駿爽,則文風清焉。若丰藻克贍,風骨不飛,則振采失鮮,負聲無力。是以綴慮裁篇,務盈守氣,剛健既實,輝光乃新。其為文用,譬征鳥之使翼也。故練于骨者,析辭必精;深乎風者,述情必顯。捶字堅而難移,結響凝而不滯,此風骨之力也。若瘠義肥辭,繁雜失統,則無骨之征也。思不環周,牽課乏氣,則無風之驗也。昔潘勖錫魏,思摹經典,群才韜筆,乃其骨髓峻也;相如賦仙,氣號凌云,蔚為辭宗,乃其風力遒也。能鑒斯要,可以定文,茲術或違,無務繁采。
故魏文稱︰"文以氣為主,氣之清濁有體,不可力強而致。"故其論孔融,則云"體氣高妙",論徐干,則云"時有齊氣",論劉楨,則云"有逸氣"。公干亦云︰"孔氏卓卓,信含異氣;筆墨之性,殆不可勝。"并重氣之旨也。夫翬翟備色,而翾翥百步,肌丰而力沈也;鷹隼乏采,而翰飛戾天,骨勁而氣猛也。文章才力,有似于此。若風骨乏采,則鷙集翰林;采乏風骨,則雉竄文囿;唯藻耀而高翔,固文筆之鳴鳳也。若夫熔鑄經典之范,翔集子史之術,洞曉情變,曲昭文體,然后能孚甲新意,雕晝奇辭。昭體,故意新而不亂,曉變,故辭奇而不黷。若骨采未圓,風辭未練,而跨略舊規,馳騖新作,雖獲巧意,危敗亦多,豈空結奇字,紕繆而成經矣?《周書》云︰"辭尚體要,弗惟好異。"蓋防文濫也。然文術多門,各適所好,明者弗授,學者弗師。于是習華隨侈,流遁忘反。若能確乎正式,使文明以健,則風清骨峻,篇體光華。能研諸慮,何遠之有哉!
贊曰︰情與氣偕,辭共體并。文明以健,珪璋乃聘。
蔚彼風力,嚴此骨鯁。才鋒峻立,符采克炳。
Chinese text: This work was published before January 1, 1923, and is in the
public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Dictionary cache status: not loaded