The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons 文心雕龍
養氣第四十二 Volume 42: Nourishing Spirit
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昔王充著述,制養氣之篇,驗己而作,豈虛造哉!夫耳目鼻口,生之役也;心慮言辭,神之用也。率志委和,則理融而情暢;鑽礪過分,則神疲而氣衰:此性情之數也。夫三皇辭質,心絕於道華;帝世始文,言貴於敷奏;三代春秋,雖沿世彌縟,竝適分胷臆,非牽課才外也。戰代枝詐,攻奇飾說;漢世迄今,辭務日新,爭光鬻采,慮亦竭矣。故淳言以比澆辭,文質懸乎千載;率志以方竭情,勞逸差於萬里;古人所以餘裕,後進所以莫遑也。凡童少鑒淺而志盛,長艾識堅而氣衰,志盛者思銳以勝勞,氣衰者慮密以傷神,斯實中人之常資,歲時之大較也。若夫氣分有限,智用無涯,或慚鳬企鶴,瀝辭鐫思,於是精氣內銷,有似尾閭之波;神志外傷,同乎牛山之木:怛惕之盛疾,亦可推矣。至如仲任置硯以綜述,敬通懷筆以專業,既暄之以歲序,又煎之以日時;是以曹公懼為文之傷命,陸雲歎用思之困神,非虛談也。
夫學業在勤,功庸弗怠,故有錐股自厲;和熊以苦之人,志於文也,則申寫鬱滯:故宜從容率情,優柔適會。若銷鑠精膽,蹙迫和氣,秉牘以驅齡,灑翰以伐性,豈聖賢之素心,會文之直理哉!且夫思有利鈍,時有通塞,沐則心覆,且或反常,神之方昬,再三愈黷。是以吐納文藝,務在節宣,清和其心,條暢其氣,煩而即捨,物使壅滯;意得則舒懷以命筆,理伏則投筆以卷懷,逍遙以針勞,談笑以藥勌。常弄閑於才鋒,賈餘於文勇,使刃發如新,湊理無滯,雖非胎息之邁術,斯亦衛氣之一方也。
贊曰:
紛哉萬象,勞矣千想。玄神宜寶,素氣資養。
水停以鑒,火靜而朗。無擾文慮,鬱此精爽。
Chinese text: This work was published before January 1, 1923, and is in the
public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
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