了 le
-
le
particle
completion of an action
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words , Concept: Aspectual Particle 动态助词
Notes: Traditional: 了; in this usage 了 is an aspectual particle 动态助词. Here 了 is placed after the verb and before its object to indicate that an action has been completed (Guoyu '了' le particle 2; Li Shaoqi, 2003, pp. 430-431; Ho 2002, '了' 1). For example, 他似乎明白了点 'he seemed to understand something.' (Lao She, 2003, p. 218) In this example the verb is 明白 'understand' and the object is 点 '[a little] something.' 了 cannot be used for non-action verbs, such as 喜欢, 是, 像. If there are two verbs in series then 了 should be placed after the second verb. 了 is the third most frequent word in the Beijing Language Institute's 1985 frequency wordlist (Ho 2002, '了'). -
liǎo
verb
to know; to understand
Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
Notes: Traditional: 了; in the sense of 明白 (Guoyu '了' liǎo v 1) -
liǎo
verb
to understand; to know
Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
Notes: Traditional: 瞭; in the sense of 明白 or 清楚; as in 了解 (Guoyu '瞭' v 1) -
liào
verb
to look afar from a high place
Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
Notes: Traditional: 瞭; in the sense of 远看 Guoyu '瞭' liào v 1) -
le
particle
modal particle
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words , Concept: Modal Particle 语气助词
Notes: Traditional: 了; in this use 了 appears at the end of a sentence as a modal particle 语气助词. Use as a modal particle differs from use as an aspectual particle after a verb in that a modal particle indicates the completion of the action for the whole sentence. Sometimes a modal particle is omitted if the sentence contains an aspectual particle and the action of the sentence is simple. There are two common uses: 1. 了 may be used at the end of a sentence to indicate a newly emerged condition (Guoyu '了' le particle 1; Ho 2002, '了' 2; Sun 2006, loc. 885). For example, 一切的路都封上了 'All the roads were closed.' (Lao She, 2003, p. 175) 2. 了 may be used at the end of a sentence to indicate a reminder, advice, or urging. -
le
particle
particle used in certain fixed expressions
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words , Concept: Particle 助词
Notes: Traditional: 了; in this use 了 is used in a set of fixed expressions, including 太...了, ...极了, 对了, and 好了 (Ho 2002, '了' 3; Li Shaoqi, 2003, p. 433). For example, 你帮几天忙好了 'Please help for a few days.' (Lao She, 2003, p. 176) -
liǎo
verb
to complete
Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
Notes: Traditional: 了; in the sense of 结束 (Guoyu '了' liǎo v 2) -
liǎo
adverb
completely
Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
Notes: Traditional: 了; in the sense of 完全 (Guoyu '了' liǎo adv 1) -
liǎo
adjective
clever; intelligent
Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
Notes: Traditional: 了; in the sense of 聪明 or 慧黠 (Guoyu '了' liǎo adj)
Contained in
- 冤冤相报何时了(冤冤相報何時了) if revenge breeds revenge, will there ever be an end to it? (Buddhist saying)
- 一了百了 once the main problem is solved, all troubles are solved; death ends all one's troubles
- 大不了 at worst; if worst comes to worst; serious; alarming
- 太好了 very good
- 明了(明瞭) to understand clearly; to be clear about
- 翅膀硬了 (of a bird) to have become fully fledged; (of a person) to have grown up (and become independent)
- 了帐(了帳) to clear a debt ; to finish a matter
- 除了 except
- 没完没了(沒完沒了) without end; incessantly; on and on
- 好心倒做了驴肝肺(好心倒做了驢肝肺) to mistake good intentions for a donkey's liver and lungs
- 了却(了卻) to resolve; to settle
- 极了(極了) extremely; exceedingly
- 太客气了(太客氣了) too polite
- 煮熟的鸭子飞了(煮熟的鴨子飛了) the cooked duck flew away; to let a sure thing slip through one's fingers
- 进了天堂(進了天堂) to die; to enter the hall of heaven
- 林子大了,什么鸟都有(林子大了,什麼鳥都有) it takes all sorts (to make a world)
- 不见了(不見了) to have disappeared; to be missing; nowhere to be found
- 吃得了 can eat
- 有了胎 pregnant; to carry a child
- 这还了得(這還了得) How dare you!; This is an outrage!; Absolutely disgraceful!
- 一目了然(一目瞭然) obvious at a glance
- 得了 to be finished ; expressing doubt ; that wil do; enough! ; expressing shock or surprise
- 私了 to settle privately; to solve behind closed doors; to settle out of court
- 吃不了兜着走(吃不了兜著走) if you can't eat it all, you'll have to take it home; you'll have to take the consequences
- 完了 to be finished; to be done for; ruined; gone to the dogs; oh no
- 绝了(絕了) awesome; dope
- 褶子了 to make a mess of something; to bungle; to mismanage
- 坏了(壞了) shoot!; gosh!; oh, no!
- 受不了 unbearable
- 也好不了多少 hardly any better; just as bad
- 了了 to realize clearly; to settle a matter; to get it over with
- 为了建设新中国(為了建設新中國) to build a new China
- 说了算(說了算) to have the final say; to be the one in charge
- 就晚了 then it's too late
- 了去了 very; extremely
- 怎么得了(怎麼得了) how can this be?; what's to be done?; what an awful mess!
- 一走了之 to avoid a problem by walking away from it; to quit
- 讫了(訖了) completed
- 天安门开了(天安門開了) the barn door is open
- 免不了 unavoidable; can't be avoided
- 了结(了結) to finish; to conclude
- 从后门溜走了(從後門溜走了) slipped out the back door
- 妈了个巴子(媽了個巴子) damn you!
- 少不了 cannot do without; to be unavoidable; are bound to be many
- 听腻了(聽膩了) fed up of hearing
- 眼圈红了(眼圈紅了) to be on the verge of tears
- 了却此生(了卻此生) to die; to be done with this world
- 脱不了身(脫不了身) busy and unable to get away
- 草草了事 to do something hastily
- 对了(對了) right; correct
Also contained in
Word is mentioned most frequently in
Truncated for common words
- 第二回 Chapter 62 Dream of the Red Chamber 紅樓夢 — count: 351
- 第二十四回 Chapter 24 Water Margin 水滸傳 — count: 307
- 第二回 Chapter 57 Dream of the Red Chamber 紅樓夢 — count: 287
- 第二回 Chapter 63 Dream of the Red Chamber 紅樓夢 — count: 255
- 第二回 Chapter 119 Dream of the Red Chamber 紅樓夢 — count: 253
- 第二回 Chapter 77 Dream of the Red Chamber 紅樓夢 — count: 250
- 第二回 Chapter 109 Dream of the Red Chamber 紅樓夢 — count: 248
- 第二回 Chapter 97 Dream of the Red Chamber 紅樓夢 — count: 233
- 第二回 Chapter 52 Dream of the Red Chamber 紅樓夢 — count: 232
- 第二回 Chapter 46 Dream of the Red Chamber 紅樓夢 — count: 224