难 (難) nán

1. nán adjective difficult / arduous / hard
   Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语
   Notes: (Kroll 2015 '難' nán 1; NCCED '難' nán 1; Pulleyblank 1995, p. 42; Unihan '難').
2. nán verb to put someone in a difficult position / to have difficulty
   Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语
   Notes: (NCCED '難' nán 2)
3. nán adjective hardly possible / unable
   Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语
   Notes: (Kroll 2015 '難' nán 1; NCCED '難' nán 3; Unihan '難')
4. nàn noun disaster / calamity
   Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语
   Notes: (Kroll 2015 '難' nàn 1; NCCED '難' nàn 1)
5. nàn noun enemy / foe
   Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
   Notes: (Kroll 2015 '難' nàn 2)
6. nán adjective bad / unpleasant
   Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
   Notes: (Kroll 2015 '難' nán 2; NCCED '難' nán 4)
7. nàn verb to blame / to rebuke
   Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
   Notes: (Kroll 2015 '難' nàn 3b; NCCED '難' nàn 2)
8. nàn verb to object to / to argue against
   Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
   Notes: (Kroll 2015 '難' nàn 3)
9. nàn verb to reject / to repudiate
   Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
   Notes: (Kroll 2015 '難' nàn 3a)

Contained in

• 千难万难(千難萬難) extremely difficult
• 千军易得，一将难求(千軍易得，一將難求) Easy to raise an army of one thousand, but hard to find a good general.
• 难以捉摸(難以捉摸) elusive / hard to pin down / enigmatic
• 难伺候(難伺候) hard to please / high-maintenance
• 患难之交(患難之交) a friend in times of tribulations
• 清官难断家务事(清官難斷家務事) even an honest and upright official will have difficulty resolving a family dispute
• 多灾多难(多災多難) to be plagued with misfortunes / precarious
• 两难(兩難) dilemma / quandary
• 益觉困难(益覺困難) to find something increasingly difficult
• 难以抹去(難以抹去) hard to erase / ineradicable
• 刁难(刁難) to be hard on somebody / to deliberately make things difficult
• 产难(產難) to die giving birth
• 咽下困难(嚥下困難) dysphagia
• 诵读困难症(誦讀困難症) dyslexia
• 进退为难(進退為難) no room to advance or to retreat / without any way out of a dilemma / trapped
• 罹难(罹難) fatality / to die in an accident / to be killed ; to die in an accident or other unnatural causes
• 死难者(死難者) victim of an accident / casualty / martyr for one's country
• 攻坚克难(攻堅克難) to tackle a thorny problem and overcome its challenges
• 厄难(厄難) a disaster / a misfortune / a calamity
• 受难者(受難者) sufferer / a victim of a calamity / a person in distress
• 落难(落難) to meet with misfortune / to fall into dire straits
• 泼水难收(潑水難收) water once spilt cannot be retrieved / irreversible change
• 难治(難治) difficult to rule
• 受难纪念(受難紀念) memorial
• 避难所(避難所) refuge / asylum
• 有福同享，有难同当(有福同享，有難同當) To enjoy blessings and endure misfortune together / for better or for worse
• 难关(難關) difficulty / crisis
• 罄笔难书(罄筆難書) too numerous to be cited (of atrocities or misdeeds)
• 难上加难(難上加難) extremely difficult / even more difficult
• 多难兴邦(多難興邦) much hardships may awaken a nation / calamity that prompts renewal
• 羞愧难当(羞愧難當) to feel ashamed
• 排难解纷(排難解紛) to remove perils and solve disputes / to reconcile differences
• 长夜难明(長夜難明) many nights under a harsh moon / long years of oppression
• 辗转难忘(輾轉難忘) to turn something over in one's mind and not be able to forget it
• 难上难(難上難) extremely difficult / even more difficult
• 民于难(民於難) misery of the people
• 犯难(犯難) to feel embarrassed / to feel akward
• 艰难创业(艱難創業) suffer many trials
• 难行(難行) difficult to pass ; hard to do ; ascetic practice
• 排除万难(排除萬難) eliminate a thousand difficulties
• 耶稣受难节(耶穌受難節) Good Friday
• 魔难(魔難) difficulties and temptations

Also contained in

父母恩重难报经 、 佛说阿难四事经 、 难胜 、 至道无难 、 难遭难遇 、 施乞叉难陀 、 难胜地 、 难儞计湿嚩罗天说支轮经

Word is mentioned most frequently in

Truncated for common words

• 第九十九回 Chapter 99 Journey to the West 西遊記 — count: 91
• 昭公 Lord Zhao The Commentary of Zuo on the Spring and Autumn Annals 春秋左氏傳 — count: 48
• 卷九十八 列傳第五十八 氐胡 Volume 98 Biographies 58: Zhi Hu Book of Song 宋書 — count: 39
• 襄公 Lord Xiang The Commentary of Zuo on the Spring and Autumn Annals 春秋左氏傳 — count: 37
• 卷一百五十八　列傳第四十五: 姚樞 許衡 竇默 Volume 158 Biographies 45: Yao Shu, Xu Heng, Dou Mo History of Yuan 元史 — count: 30
• 卷二十九 魏書二十九 方技傳 Volume 29: Book of Wei 29 - Biographies of fangshis and artisans Records of the Three Kingdoms 三國志 — count: 28
• 卷一百五十七　　列傳第八十二 陸贄 Volume 157 Biographies 82: Lu Zhi New Book of Tang 新唐書 — count: 27
• 卷101 氐 吐榖渾 宕昌 高昌 鄧至 蠻 獠 Volume 101: Di Peoples, Tuyuhun, Dangchang, Gaochang, Dengzhi, Man, Liao Book of Wei 魏書 — count: 26
• 卷一百三十九 列傳第八十九: 陸贄 Volume 139 Biographies 89: Lu Zhi Old Book of Tang 舊唐書 — count: 26
• 卷四百三十四 列傳第一百九十三 儒林四 劉子翬 呂祖謙 蔡元定子:沉 陸九齡兄:九韶 陸九淵 薛季宣 陳傅良 葉適 戴溪 蔡幼學 楊泰之 Volume 434 Biographies 193: Confucian Scholars 4 - Liu Zihui, Lu Zuqian, Cai Yuandingzi:chen, Lu Jiulingxiong:jiushao, Lu Jiuyuan, Xue Jixuan, Chen Fuliang, Ye Shi, Dai Xi, Cai Youxue, Yang Taizhi History of Song 宋史 — count: 24

Collocations

• 不亦难 (不亦難) 不亦難乎 — The Commentary of Zuo on the Spring and Autumn Annals 春秋左氏傳, 僖公 Lord Xi — count: 19
• 多难 (多難) 王事多難 — The Book of Songs 詩經, 小雅‧鹿鳴之什‧出車 Minor odes of the kingdom - Decade Of Lu Ming - Chu Che — count: 10
• 实难 (實難) 衛實難 — The Commentary of Zuo on the Spring and Autumn Annals 春秋左氏傳, 隱公 Lord Yin — count: 8
• 齐难 (齊難) 紀來諮謀齊難也 — The Commentary of Zuo on the Spring and Autumn Annals 春秋左氏傳, 桓公 Lord Huan — count: 7
• 免于难 (免於難) 庶免於難 — The Commentary of Zuo on the Spring and Autumn Annals 春秋左氏傳, 桓公 Lord Huan — count: 5
• 辟难 (辟難) 事君不辟難 — The Commentary of Zuo on the Spring and Autumn Annals 春秋左氏傳, 襄公 Lord Xiang — count: 5
• 难知 (難知) 否難知也 — The Book of Songs 詩經, 小雅‧節南山之什‧何人斯 Minor odes of the kingdom - Jie Nan Shan Zhi Shen - He Ren Si — count: 4
• 难成 (難成) 專欲難成 — The Commentary of Zuo on the Spring and Autumn Annals 春秋左氏傳, 襄公 Lord Xiang — count: 4
• 告难 (告難) 不發表而告難于齊 — The Commentary of Zuo on the Spring and Autumn Annals 春秋左氏傳, 僖公 Lord Xi — count: 4
• 内难 (內難) 辟內難也 — Gongyang's Commentary on the Spring and Autumn Annals 春秋公羊傳, 莊公 Lord Zhang — count: 4