而 ér
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ér
conjunction
and; as well as; but (not); yet (not)
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words , Concept: Coordination 并列
Notes: 而 is commonly used to join adjectives, adjective phrases, or verbs; in the sense of 和 or 与 (Guoyu '而' conj 1; Rouzer 2007, p. 13) -
ér
noun
Kangxi radical 126
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Radicals
Notes: (ABC back cover; GHC p. 7; Guoyu '而' n 2) -
ér
pronoun
you
Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 , Subdomain: Function Words , Concept: Personal Pronoun 人称代词
Notes: 而 was used as the singular second person pronoun 你 in Literary Chinese (Guoyu '而' pronoun 1; Pulleyblank 1995, p. 77). -
ér
conjunction
not only ... but also ....; ... as well as ...; moreover; in addition; furthermore
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words , Concept: Correlative 关联词
Notes: 而 is synonymous with 而且 in this sense, expressing a connecting relationship (Guoyu '而' conj 2) -
ér
conjunction
right away; then
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words
Notes: 而 is synonymous with 就 or 才 in this sense, expressing a sequentional relationship (Guoyu '而' conj 3) -
ér
conjunction
but; yet; however; while; nevertheless
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words , Concept: Correlative 关联词
Notes: 而 is synonymous with 但是 in this sense, expressing a contrasting relationship (Guoyu '而' conj 6) -
ér
conjunction
if; in case; in the event that
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words , Concept: Correlative 关联词
Notes: 而 is synonymous with 如果 in this sense, expressing hypothesis or conjecture in Literary Chinese. It is comparatively rare in this sense (Guoyu '而' conj 4; Pulleyblank 1995, p. 150). -
ér
conjunction
therefore; as a result; thus
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words , Concept: Correlative 关联词
Notes: 而 is synonymous with 因而 or 所以 in this sense, expressing cause and effect (Guoyu '而' conj 5) -
ér
conjunction
how can it be that?
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words
Notes: 而 is synonymous with 难道 or 岂 in this sense, expressing doubt in a rhetorical question (Guoyu '而' conj 7) -
ér
particle
so as to
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words
Notes: 而 is synonymous with 以 in this sense (Guoyu '而' prep 2) -
ér
adverb
only then
Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
Notes: In the sense of 才 (Guoyu '而' adv 1) -
ér
verb
as if; to seem like
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words
Notes: 而 is synonymous with 好像 or 犹 in this sense (Guoyu '而' adv 2) -
néng
verb
can; able
Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 , Subdomain: Function Words
Notes: In the sense of 能 or 可以 (Guoyu '而' v 2) -
ér
noun
whiskers on the cheeks; sideburns
Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
Notes: (Guoyu '而' n 1) -
ér
pronoun
me
Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 , Subdomain: Function Words , Concept: Personal Pronoun 人称代词
Notes: 而 was used as the singular first person pronoun 我 in Literary Chinese (Guoyu '而' pronoun 2) -
ér
verb
to arrive; up to
Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
Notes: In the sense of 至 or 到 (Guoyu '而' v 1) -
ér
preposition
possessive
Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
Notes: In the sense of 之 or 的 (Guoyu '而' prep. 1)
Contained in
- 利而诱之(利而誘之) hold out bait to entice [the enemy]
- 反其道而行之 to do the very opposite; to act in a diametrically opposite way
- 背道而驰(背道而馳) galloping in the wrong direction; running counter to
- 死而无悔(死而無悔) to die without regret
- 轻众而丧师(輕眾而喪師) to belittle the people and mourn the death of soldiers
- 不劳而获(不勞而獲) to reap without sowing
- 显而易见(顯而易見) clearly and easy to see; obviously; clearly
- 鍥而不舍(鍥而不捨) to carve away at something and not abandon it; to keep on working away at something ; to chip away at something and not abandon it
- 哀而不伤(哀而不傷) deeply felt but not excessively grieving
- 和衣而卧(和衣而臥) to lie down to sleep with one's clothes on
- 形而上学(形而上學) metaphysics
- 不寒而栗(不寒而慄) shiver all over though not cold; tremble with fear; shudder
- 三十而立 to turn thirty years old with accomplishments
- 望而兴叹(望而興嘆) to look and sigh; to feel helpless; not knowing what to do
- 换而言之(換而言之) in other words
- 甚而至于(甚而至於) even; so much so that
- 简而言之(簡而言之) to put it briefly
- 怒目而视(怒目而視) to glare at
- 闻风而起(聞風而起) respond immediately on hearing news
- 天网恢恢,疏而不漏(天網恢恢,疏而不漏) heaven's net has wide meshes, but nothing escapes it (idiom, from Laozi 73); the way of Heaven is fair, but the guilty will not escape
- 一炮而红(一炮而紅) to win instant success ; to become an instant hit
- 可望而不可即 in sight but unattainable; inaccessible
- 擦肩而过(擦肩而過) brief encounter; to brush past sb
- 相机而动(相機而動) to wait for the opportune moment before taking action
- 周而复始(周而復始) finish and then start again; unceasing ; to circle unceasingly ; the cycle comes back to the start; to move in circles; the wheel comes full circle
- 落荒而逃 to flee in defeat; to bolt
- 霍然而愈(霍然而癒) to recover speedily; to get better quickly
- 人而无信,不知其可(人而無信,不知其可) if a person is not trustworthy, I do not know how they can get on
- 守一而终(守一而終) to be faithful to one's mate all one's life
- 轻而易举(輕而易舉) simple and easy to move; with little effort
- 有过之而无不及(有過之而無不及) not to be inferior in any aspects; to surpass; to outdo; to be even worse
- 闻风而逃(聞風而逃) flee on hearing news
- 未可同日而语(未可同日而語) mustn't speak of two things on the same day; not to be mentioned in the same breath; incomparable
- 俄而 very soon; before long
- 终而复始(終而復始) to repeat unceasingly
- 见而色喜(見而色喜) to like something as soon as one sees it
- 抵足而眠 to live and sleep together; a close friendship
- 扬长而去(揚長而去) to swagger off; to walk off (or drive off etc) without a second thought for those left behind
- 知其然而不知其所以然 to know that it is so but not why it is so
- 可想而知 as one can well imagine...
- 满载而归(滿載而歸) to return from a rewarding journey
- 观机而动(觀機而動) observe an opportunity and then act
- 曲肱而枕 to use one's bent arm as a pillow; content with simple things
- 言而无信(言而無信) to go back on one's word; to break one's promise; to be unfaithful; to be untrustworthy
- 不速而至 to arrive without invitation; unexpected guest; unwanted presence
- 逆流而上 to sail against the current; to go against the flow
- 翘足而待(翹足而待) to expect in a short time; also pr.
- 备而不用(備而不用) have something ready just in case; keep something for possible future use
- 一般而言 generally speaking
- 无一事而不学,无一时而不学,无一处而不得(無一事而不學,無一時而不學,無一處而不得) Study everything, at all times, everywhere.
Also contained in
Word is mentioned most frequently in
Truncated for common words
- 昭公 Lord Zhao The Commentary of Zuo on the Spring and Autumn Annals 春秋左氏傳 — count: 748
- 襄公 Lord Xiang The Commentary of Zuo on the Spring and Autumn Annals 春秋左氏傳 — count: 609
- Daode Jing 《道德經》 Daode Jing 道德經 — count: 409
- 卷十六 Scroll 16 Wenxuan 文選 — count: 385
- 卷十八 人間訓 Chapter 18: The Human World Huainanzi 淮南子 — count: 383
- 卷九 主術訓 Chapter 9: The Sovereign's Methods Huainanzi 淮南子 — count: 357
- 卷五十九 張衡列傳 Volume 59: Biography of Zhang Heng Book of Later Han 後漢書 — count: 342
- 卷二十 泰族訓 Chapter 20: superior Lineage Huainanzi 淮南子 — count: 328
- 卷十八 Scroll 18 Wenxuan 文選 — count: 326
- 卷十三 氾論訓 Chapter 13: Overflowing Discussions Huainanzi 淮南子 — count: 323