Glossary and Vocabulary for Han Feizi 韓非子, 飭令第五十三 Chapter 53: Economizing on Orders

Corpus Vocabulary Analysis

Contents

  1. Frequencies of Lexical Words
  2. Frequencies of all Words
  3. Proper Nouns

Frequencies of Lexical Words

Rank Frequency Chinese Pinyin English Example Usage
1 22 to use; to grasp 以五里斷者王
2 22 to rely on 以五里斷者王
3 22 to regard 以五里斷者王
4 22 to be able to 以五里斷者王
5 22 to order; to command 以五里斷者王
6 22 used after a verb 以五里斷者王
7 22 a reason; a cause 以五里斷者王
8 22 Israel 以五里斷者王
9 22 Yi 以五里斷者王
10 10 a criteria; a norm; a standard; a rule; a law 飭令則法不遷
11 10 a grade; a level 飭令則法不遷
12 10 an example; a model 飭令則法不遷
13 10 a weighing device 飭令則法不遷
14 10 to grade; to rank 飭令則法不遷
15 10 to copy; to imitate; to follow 飭令則法不遷
16 10 to do 飭令則法不遷
17 10 xíng punishment; penalty 以刑治
18 10 xíng to punish; to penalize 以刑治
19 10 xíng to execute 以刑治
20 10 xíng convention; law 以刑治
21 10 xíng to carry out the law 以刑治
22 10 xíng to correct 以刑治
23 9 Qi 必以其力
24 8 guó a country; a nation 則國必削
25 8 guó the capital of a state 則國必削
26 8 guó a feud; a vassal state 則國必削
27 8 guó a state; a kingdom 則國必削
28 8 guó a place; a land 則國必削
29 8 guó domestic; Chinese 則國必削
30 8 guó national 則國必削
31 8 guó top in the nation 則國必削
32 8 guó Guo 則國必削
33 8 wèi to call 此謂以成智謀
34 8 wèi to discuss; to comment on; to speak of; to tell about 此謂以成智謀
35 8 wèi to speak to; to address 此謂以成智謀
36 8 wèi to treat as; to regard as 此謂以成智謀
37 8 wèi introducing a condition situation 此謂以成智謀
38 8 wèi to speak to; to address 此謂以成智謀
39 8 wèi to think 此謂以成智謀
40 8 wèi for; is to be 此謂以成智謀
41 8 wèi to make; to cause 此謂以成智謀
42 8 wèi principle; reason 此謂以成智謀
43 8 wèi Wei 此謂以成智謀
44 7 gōng merit 任功則民少言
45 7 gōng service; work; effort 任功則民少言
46 7 gōng skill 任功則民少言
47 7 gōng an achievement; an accomplishment 任功則民少言
48 7 gōng deserving praise 任功則民少言
49 7 gōng level of morning ritual 任功則民少言
50 7 gōng an effect; a result 任功則民少言
51 7 gōng a kind of funeral dress 任功則民少言
52 7 gōng work (physics) 任功則民少言
53 7 mín the people; citizen; subjects 任功則民少言
54 7 mín Min 任功則民少言
55 7 infix potential marker 飭令則法不遷
56 6 zhī to go 行都之過
57 6 zhī to arrive; to go 行都之過
58 6 zhī is 行都之過
59 6 zhī to use 行都之過
60 6 zhī Zhi 行都之過
61 6 zhī winding 行都之過
62 6 yán to speak; to say; said 言有塞
63 6 yán language; talk; words; utterance; speech 言有塞
64 6 yán Kangxi radical 149 言有塞
65 6 yán phrase; sentence 言有塞
66 6 yán a word; a syllable 言有塞
67 6 yán a theory; a doctrine 言有塞
68 6 yán to regard as 言有塞
69 6 yán to act as 言有塞
70 6 must 則國必削
71 6 Bi 則國必削
72 6 zhì to rule; to govern; to manage; to control 宿治者削
73 6 zhì to cure; to treat; to heal 宿治者削
74 6 zhì to annihilate 宿治者削
75 6 zhì to punish 宿治者削
76 6 zhì a government seat 宿治者削
77 6 zhì to be in order; to be well managed 宿治者削
78 6 zhì to study; to focus on 宿治者削
79 6 zhì a Taoist parish 宿治者削
80 5 使 shǐ to make; to cause 使以粟出爵
81 5 使 shǐ to make use of for labor 使以粟出爵
82 5 使 shǐ to indulge 使以粟出爵
83 5 使 shǐ an emissary; an envoy; ambassador; commissioner 使以粟出爵
84 5 使 shǐ to be sent on a diplomatic mission 使以粟出爵
85 5 使 shǐ to dispatch 使以粟出爵
86 5 使 shǐ to use 使以粟出爵
87 5 使 shǐ to be able to 使以粟出爵
88 5 method; way 飭令則法不遷
89 5 France 飭令則法不遷
90 5 the law; rules; regulations 飭令則法不遷
91 5 the teachings of the Buddha; Dharma 飭令則法不遷
92 5 a standard; a norm 飭令則法不遷
93 5 an institution 飭令則法不遷
94 5 to emulate 飭令則法不遷
95 5 magic; a magic trick 飭令則法不遷
96 5 punishment 飭令則法不遷
97 5 Fa 飭令則法不遷
98 5 a precedent 飭令則法不遷
99 5 a classification of some kinds of Han texts 飭令則法不遷
100 5 relating to a ceremony or rite 飭令則法不遷
101 5 shǎng to grant; to bestow 以賞戰
102 5 shǎng a reward 以賞戰
103 5 shǎng to appreciate; to esteem 以賞戰
104 5 shǎng to enjoy 以賞戰
105 5 shǎng to praise 以賞戰
106 5 shǎng to respect; to revere 以賞戰
107 5 shǎng Shang 以賞戰
108 5 gōng to attack; to assault 案兵不攻必富
109 5 gōng to discredit; to impugn; to criticize 案兵不攻必富
110 5 gōng to remedy; to cure 案兵不攻必富
111 5 gōng to work at; to handle 案兵不攻必富
112 5 gōng workmanship; expertise 案兵不攻必富
113 5 gōng exaction by the state 案兵不攻必富
114 5 gōng sturdy; strong 案兵不攻必富
115 5 gōng to govern; to administer 案兵不攻必富
116 5 gōng Gong 案兵不攻必富
117 4 gain; advantage; benefit 利出一空者
118 4 profit 利出一空者
119 4 sharp 利出一空者
120 4 to benefit; to serve 利出一空者
121 4 Li 利出一空者
122 4 to be useful 利出一空者
123 4 smooth; without a hitch 利出一空者
124 4 Kangxi radical 71 法平則吏無姦
125 4 to not have; without 法平則吏無姦
126 4 mo 法平則吏無姦
127 4 to not have 法平則吏無姦
128 4 Wu 法平則吏無姦
129 4 jué ancient bronze wine holder 使以粟出爵
130 4 jué a feudal title or rank 使以粟出爵
131 4 què a small bird 使以粟出爵
132 4 jué to bestow a title 使以粟出爵
133 4 Mo 而天下莫之能侵也
134 4 qīng light; not heavy 輕其任
135 4 qīng easy; relaxed; carefree 輕其任
136 4 qīng simple; convenient 輕其任
137 4 qīng small in number or degree 輕其任
138 4 qīng gentle 輕其任
139 4 qīng to belittle; to make light of 輕其任
140 4 qīng nimble; agile; portable 輕其任
141 4 qīng unimportant 輕其任
142 4 qīng frivolous 輕其任
143 4 qīng imprudent 輕其任
144 4 qīng to smooth 輕其任
145 4 qīng to soothe 輕其任
146 4 qīng lowly 輕其任
147 4 to take; to get; to fetch 兵出必取
148 4 to obtain 兵出必取
149 4 to choose; to select 兵出必取
150 4 to catch; to seize; to capture 兵出必取
151 4 to accept; to receive 兵出必取
152 4 to seek 兵出必取
153 4 to take a bride 兵出必取
154 4 Qu 兵出必取
155 3 jiān a traitor 法平則吏無姦
156 3 jiān to commit adultery 法平則吏無姦
157 3 jiān treacherous; evil; wicked 法平則吏無姦
158 3 jiān to violate 法平則吏無姦
159 3 jiān wicked; false; deceitful 法平則吏無姦
160 3 jiān a traitor; a sinister person; a villian 法平則吏無姦
161 3 jiān a rebellion 法平則吏無姦
162 3 jiān to commit adultery 法平則吏無姦
163 3 jiān to seek after 法平則吏無姦
164 3 jiān a criminal 法平則吏無姦
165 3 néng can; able 而天下莫之能侵也
166 3 néng ability; capacity 而天下莫之能侵也
167 3 néng a mythical bear-like beast 而天下莫之能侵也
168 3 néng energy 而天下莫之能侵也
169 3 néng function; use 而天下莫之能侵也
170 3 néng talent 而天下莫之能侵也
171 3 néng expert at 而天下莫之能侵也
172 3 néng to be in harmony 而天下莫之能侵也
173 3 néng to tend to; to care for 而天下莫之能侵也
174 3 néng to reach; to arrive at 而天下莫之能侵也
175 3 rèn to bear; to undertake 任功則民少言
176 3 rèn to trust to; to rely on 任功則民少言
177 3 rèn duty; responsibility 任功則民少言
178 3 rèn to allow; to permit 任功則民少言
179 3 rèn to appoint 任功則民少言
180 3 rén Ren 任功則民少言
181 3 rèn to take office 任功則民少言
182 3 rén Ren county 任功則民少言
183 3 rèn an office; a post 任功則民少言
184 3 rèn to be pregnant 任功則民少言
185 3 rén crafty and fawning 任功則民少言
186 3 duō over; indicates a number greater than the number preceding it 物多末眾
187 3 duó many; much 物多末眾
188 3 duō more 物多末眾
189 3 duō excessive 物多末眾
190 3 duō abundant 物多末眾
191 3 duō to multiply; to acrue 物多末眾
192 3 duō Duo 物多末眾
193 3 duàn to judge 行法曲斷
194 3 duàn to severe; to break 行法曲斷
195 3 duàn to stop 行法曲斷
196 3 duàn to quit; to give up 行法曲斷
197 3 duàn to intercept 行法曲斷
198 3 duàn to divide 行法曲斷
199 3 duàn to isolate 行法曲斷
200 3 force 必以其力
201 3 Kangxi radical 19 必以其力
202 3 to exert oneself; to make an effort 必以其力
203 3 to force 必以其力
204 3 labor; forced labor 必以其力
205 3 physical strength 必以其力
206 3 power 必以其力
207 3 Li 必以其力
208 3 ability; capability 必以其力
209 3 influence 必以其力
210 3 zhòng heavy 重刑少賞
211 3 chóng to repeat 重刑少賞
212 3 zhòng significant; serious; important 重刑少賞
213 3 chóng layered; folded; tiered 重刑少賞
214 3 zhòng to attach importance to; to honor; to respect 重刑少賞
215 3 zhòng sad 重刑少賞
216 3 zhòng a weight 重刑少賞
217 3 zhòng large in amount; valuable 重刑少賞
218 3 zhòng thick; dense; strong 重刑少賞
219 3 zhòng to prefer 重刑少賞
220 3 zhòng to add 重刑少賞
221 3 shí ten 出一取十
222 3 shí Kangxi radical 24 出一取十
223 3 shí tenth 出一取十
224 3 shí complete; perfect 出一取十
225 3 shòu to teach 授官爵出利祿不以功
226 3 shòu to award; to give 授官爵出利祿不以功
227 3 shòu to appoint 授官爵出利祿不以功
228 3 to go 此謂以治去治
229 3 to remove; to wipe off; to eliminate 此謂以治去治
230 3 to be distant 此謂以治去治
231 3 to leave 此謂以治去治
232 3 to play a part 此謂以治去治
233 3 to abandon; to give up 此謂以治去治
234 3 to die 此謂以治去治
235 3 previous; past 此謂以治去治
236 3 to send out; to issue; to drive away 此謂以治去治
237 3 falling tone 此謂以治去治
238 3 to lose 此謂以治去治
239 3 Qu 此謂以治去治
240 3 to give 國以功授官與爵
241 3 to accompany 國以功授官與爵
242 3 to particate in 國以功授官與爵
243 3 of the same kind 國以功授官與爵
244 3 to help 國以功授官與爵
245 3 for 國以功授官與爵
246 3 shàng top; a high position 上愛民
247 3 shang top; the position on or above something 上愛民
248 3 shàng to go up; to go forward 上愛民
249 3 shàng shang 上愛民
250 3 shàng previous; last 上愛民
251 3 shàng high; higher 上愛民
252 3 shàng advanced 上愛民
253 3 shàng a monarch; a sovereign 上愛民
254 3 shàng time 上愛民
255 3 shàng to do something; to do something at a set time; to go to 上愛民
256 3 shàng far 上愛民
257 3 shàng big; as big as 上愛民
258 3 shàng abundant; plentiful 上愛民
259 3 shàng to report 上愛民
260 3 shàng to offer 上愛民
261 3 shàng to go on stage 上愛民
262 3 shàng to take office; to assume a post 上愛民
263 3 shàng to install; to erect 上愛民
264 3 shàng to suffer; to sustain 上愛民
265 3 shàng to burn 上愛民
266 3 shàng to remember 上愛民
267 3 shàng to add 上愛民
268 3 shàng to fix; to install; to apply (powder, makeup, etc) 上愛民
269 3 shàng to meet 上愛民
270 3 shàng falling then rising (4th) tone 上愛民
271 3 shang used after a verb indicating a result 上愛民
272 3 shàng a musical note 上愛民
273 3 guān an office 國以功授官與爵
274 3 guān an official; a government official 國以功授官與爵
275 3 guān official; state-run 國以功授官與爵
276 3 guān an official body; a state organization; bureau 國以功授官與爵
277 3 guān an official rank; an official title 國以功授官與爵
278 3 guān governance 國以功授官與爵
279 3 guān a sense organ 國以功授官與爵
280 3 guān office 國以功授官與爵
281 3 guān public 國以功授官與爵
282 3 guān an organ 國以功授官與爵
283 3 guān a polite form of address 國以功授官與爵
284 3 guān Guan 國以功授官與爵
285 3 guān to appoint 國以功授官與爵
286 3 guān to hold a post 國以功授官與爵
287 3 ér Kangxi radical 126 而天下莫之能侵也
288 3 ér as if; to seem like 而天下莫之能侵也
289 3 néng can; able 而天下莫之能侵也
290 3 ér whiskers on the cheeks; sideburns 而天下莫之能侵也
291 3 ér to arrive; up to 而天下莫之能侵也
292 3 xiāo to scrape off; to pare 宿治者削
293 3 xuē to reduce; to weaken 宿治者削
294 3 xiāo to cut up 宿治者削
295 3 xiāo to eliminate 宿治者削
296 3 xiāo to exploit; to plunder 宿治者削
297 3 xiāo to blame 宿治者削
298 2 輕者 qīngzhě less serious case; in less severe cases 行刑重其輕者
299 2 yòng to use; to apply 厚祿以用術
300 2 yòng Kangxi radical 101 厚祿以用術
301 2 yòng to eat 厚祿以用術
302 2 yòng to spend 厚祿以用術
303 2 yòng expense 厚祿以用術
304 2 yòng a use; usage 厚祿以用術
305 2 yòng to need; must 厚祿以用術
306 2 yòng useful; practical 厚祿以用術
307 2 yòng to use up; to use all of something 厚祿以用術
308 2 yòng to work (an animal) 厚祿以用術
309 2 yòng to appoint 厚祿以用術
310 2 yòng to administer; to manager 厚祿以用術
311 2 yòng to control 厚祿以用術
312 2 yòng to access 厚祿以用術
313 2 yòng Yong 厚祿以用術
314 2 shèng to beat; to win; to conquer 農弛姦勝
315 2 shèng victory; success 農弛姦勝
316 2 shèng wonderful; supurb; superior 農弛姦勝
317 2 shèng to surpass 農弛姦勝
318 2 shèng triumphant 農弛姦勝
319 2 shèng a scenic view 農弛姦勝
320 2 shèng a woman's hair decoration 農弛姦勝
321 2 shèng Sheng 農弛姦勝
322 2 愛民 àimín Aimin 上愛民
323 2 愛民 àimín [overly] concerned for people 上愛民
324 2 capital city 行都之過
325 2 a city; a metropolis 行都之過
326 2 dōu all 行都之過
327 2 elegant; refined 行都之過
328 2 Du 行都之過
329 2 to establish a capital city 行都之過
330 2 to reside 行都之過
331 2 to total; to tally 行都之過
332 2 官爵 guānjué official ranking; titles and honors 授官爵出利祿不以功
333 2 無敵 wúdí unequalled; without rival 其國無敵
334 2 不以 bùyǐ not because of 不以善言害法
335 2 不以 bùyǐ not use 不以善言害法
336 2 不以 bùyǐ not care about 不以善言害法
337 2 kōng empty; void; hollow 利出二空者
338 2 kòng free time 利出二空者
339 2 kòng to empty; to clean out 利出二空者
340 2 kōng the sky; the air 利出二空者
341 2 kōng in vain; for nothing 利出二空者
342 2 kòng vacant; unoccupied 利出二空者
343 2 kòng empty space 利出二空者
344 2 kōng without substance 利出二空者
345 2 kōng to not have 利出二空者
346 2 kòng opportunity; chance 利出二空者
347 2 kōng vast and high 利出二空者
348 2 kōng impractical; ficticious 利出二空者
349 2 kòng blank 利出二空者
350 2 kòng expansive 利出二空者
351 2 kòng lacking 利出二空者
352 2 kōng plain; nothing else 利出二空者
353 2 rén person; people; a human being 使人不同功
354 2 rén Kangxi radical 9 使人不同功
355 2 rén a kind of person 使人不同功
356 2 rén everybody 使人不同功
357 2 rén adult 使人不同功
358 2 rén somebody; others 使人不同功
359 2 rén an upright person 使人不同功
360 2 míng bright; luminous; brilliant 使明者不相干
361 2 míng Ming 使明者不相干
362 2 míng Ming Dynasty 使明者不相干
363 2 míng obvious; explicit; clear 使明者不相干
364 2 míng intelligent; clever; perceptive 使明者不相干
365 2 míng to illuminate; to shine 使明者不相干
366 2 míng consecrated 使明者不相干
367 2 míng to understand; to comprehend 使明者不相干
368 2 míng to explain; to clarify 使明者不相干
369 2 míng Souther Ming; Later Ming 使明者不相干
370 2 míng the world; the human world; the world of the living 使明者不相干
371 2 míng eyesight; vision 使明者不相干
372 2 míng a god; a spirit 使明者不相干
373 2 míng fame; renown 使明者不相干
374 2 míng open; public 使明者不相干
375 2 míng clear 使明者不相干
376 2 míng to become proficient 使明者不相干
377 2 míng to be proficient 使明者不相干
378 2 míng virtuous 使明者不相干
379 2 míng open and honest 使明者不相干
380 2 míng clean; neat 使明者不相干
381 2 míng remarkable; outstanding; notable 使明者不相干
382 2 míng next; afterwards 使明者不相干
383 2 míng positive 使明者不相干
384 2 xíng to walk 行法曲斷
385 2 xíng capable; competent 行法曲斷
386 2 háng profession 行法曲斷
387 2 xíng Kangxi radical 144 行法曲斷
388 2 xíng to travel 行法曲斷
389 2 xìng actions; conduct 行法曲斷
390 2 xíng to do; to act; to practice 行法曲斷
391 2 xíng all right; OK; okay 行法曲斷
392 2 háng horizontal line 行法曲斷
393 2 héng virtuous deeds 行法曲斷
394 2 hàng a line of trees 行法曲斷
395 2 hàng bold; steadfast 行法曲斷
396 2 xíng to move 行法曲斷
397 2 xíng to put into effect; to implement 行法曲斷
398 2 xíng travel 行法曲斷
399 2 xíng to circulate 行法曲斷
400 2 xíng running script; running script 行法曲斷
401 2 xíng temporary 行法曲斷
402 2 háng rank; order 行法曲斷
403 2 háng a business; a shop 行法曲斷
404 2 xíng to depart; to leave 行法曲斷
405 2 xíng to experience 行法曲斷
406 2 xíng path; way 行法曲斷
407 2 xíng xing; ballad 行法曲斷
408 2 xíng Xing 行法曲斷
409 2 hài to injure; to harm to 不以善言害法
410 2 hài to destroy; to kill 不以善言害法
411 2 hài a disaster; a calamity 不以善言害法
412 2 hài damage; a fault 不以善言害法
413 2 hài a crucial point; a strategic location 不以善言害法
414 2 hài to hinder; to obstruct; to be unfavorable 不以善言害法
415 2 hài to fall sick 不以善言害法
416 2 hài to feel; to sense 不以善言害法
417 2 hài to be jealous of to envy 不以善言害法
418 2 bīng soldier; troops 兵出必取
419 2 bīng weapons 兵出必取
420 2 bīng military; warfare 兵出必取
421 2 zhàn war; fighting; battle 以賞戰
422 2 zhàn to fight 以賞戰
423 2 zhàn to shiver; to shudder; to tremble 以賞戰
424 2 zhàn Zhan 以賞戰
425 2 zhàn to debate; to dispute 以賞戰
426 2 to go; to 而道壞餘力於心
427 2 to rely on; to depend on 而道壞餘力於心
428 2 Yu 而道壞餘力於心
429 2 a crow 而道壞餘力於心
430 2 easy; simple 此謂以易攻
431 2 to change 此謂以易攻
432 2 Yi 此謂以易攻
433 2 Book of Changes; Yijing; I Ching 此謂以易攻
434 2 to exchange; to swap 此謂以易攻
435 2 gentle; mild; moderate; nice; amiable 此謂以易攻
436 2 to despise; to scorn; to belittle to disrespect 此謂以易攻
437 2 to govern; to administer; to control 此謂以易攻
438 2 to clear away weeds and bushes 此謂以易攻
439 2 a border; a limit 此謂以易攻
440 2 to lighten; to facilitate 此謂以易攻
441 2 to be at ease 此謂以易攻
442 2 flat [terrain] 此謂以易攻
443 2 managed well; cultivated well 此謂以易攻
444 2 [of a field] to lie fallow 此謂以易攻
445 2 nóng agriculture; farming 農弛姦勝
446 2 nóng a farmer 農弛姦勝
447 2 nóng to farm 農弛姦勝
448 2 nóng Shennong 農弛姦勝
449 2 nóng to work constantly and diligently 農弛姦勝
450 2 shì matter; thing; item 朝廷之事
451 2 shì to serve 朝廷之事
452 2 shì a government post 朝廷之事
453 2 shì duty; post; work 朝廷之事
454 2 shì occupation 朝廷之事
455 2 shì cause; undertaking; enterprise; achievment 朝廷之事
456 2 shì an accident 朝廷之事
457 2 shì to attend 朝廷之事
458 2 shì an allusion 朝廷之事
459 2 shì a condition; a state; a situation 朝廷之事
460 2 shì to engage in 朝廷之事
461 2 shì to enslave 朝廷之事
462 2 shì to pursue 朝廷之事
463 2 shì to administer 朝廷之事
464 2 shì to appoint 朝廷之事
465 1 chéng to finish; to complete; to accomplish; to succeed; to perfect 此謂以成智謀
466 1 chéng to become; to turn into 此謂以成智謀
467 1 chéng to grow up; to ripen; to mature 此謂以成智謀
468 1 chéng to set up; to establish; to develop; to form 此謂以成智謀
469 1 chéng a full measure of 此謂以成智謀
470 1 chéng whole 此謂以成智謀
471 1 chéng set; established 此謂以成智謀
472 1 chéng to reache a certain degree; to amount to 此謂以成智謀
473 1 chéng to reconcile 此謂以成智謀
474 1 chéng to resmble; to be similar to 此謂以成智謀
475 1 chéng composed of 此謂以成智謀
476 1 chéng a result; a harvest; an achievement 此謂以成智謀
477 1 chéng capable; able; accomplished 此謂以成智謀
478 1 chéng to help somebody achieve something 此謂以成智謀
479 1 chéng Cheng 此謂以成智謀
480 1 不守 bù shǒu to not protect 民不守
481 1 不守 bù shǒu to not comply with 民不守
482 1 bǎi one hundred 出十喪百
483 1 bǎi many 出十喪百
484 1 bǎi Bai 出十喪百
485 1 bǎi all 出十喪百
486 1 zhǎng to grow; to develop 故技長
487 1 cháng long 故技長
488 1 zhǎng Kangxi radical 168 故技長
489 1 zhàng extra; surplus; remainder 故技長
490 1 cháng length; distance 故技長
491 1 cháng distant 故技長
492 1 cháng tall 故技長
493 1 cháng to be excellent; to be correct; to be good at 故技長
494 1 zhàng to be powerful and prosperous 故技長
495 1 cháng deep 故技長
496 1 cháng good aspects; strong points 故技長
497 1 cháng Chang 故技長
498 1 cháng speciality 故技長
499 1 zhǎng old 故技長
500 1 zhǎng to be born 故技長

Frequencies of all Words

Top 952

Rank Frequency Chinese Pinyin English Usage
1 22 so as to; in order to 以五里斷者王
2 22 to use; to regard as 以五里斷者王
3 22 to use; to grasp 以五里斷者王
4 22 according to 以五里斷者王
5 22 because of 以五里斷者王
6 22 on a certain date 以五里斷者王
7 22 and; as well as 以五里斷者王
8 22 to rely on 以五里斷者王
9 22 to regard 以五里斷者王
10 22 to be able to 以五里斷者王
11 22 to order; to command 以五里斷者王
12 22 further; moreover 以五里斷者王
13 22 used after a verb 以五里斷者王
14 22 very 以五里斷者王
15 22 already 以五里斷者王
16 22 increasingly 以五里斷者王
17 22 a reason; a cause 以五里斷者王
18 22 Israel 以五里斷者王
19 22 Yi 以五里斷者王
20 12 zhě used after a verb to indicate a person who does the action 以五里斷者王
21 12 zhě that 以五里斷者王
22 12 zhě nominalizing function word 以五里斷者王
23 12 zhě used to mark a definition 以五里斷者王
24 12 zhě used to mark a pause 以五里斷者王
25 12 zhě topic marker; that; it 以五里斷者王
26 12 zhuó according to 以五里斷者王
27 10 otherwise; but; however 飭令則法不遷
28 10 then 飭令則法不遷
29 10 measure word for short sections of text 飭令則法不遷
30 10 a criteria; a norm; a standard; a rule; a law 飭令則法不遷
31 10 a grade; a level 飭令則法不遷
32 10 an example; a model 飭令則法不遷
33 10 a weighing device 飭令則法不遷
34 10 to grade; to rank 飭令則法不遷
35 10 to copy; to imitate; to follow 飭令則法不遷
36 10 to do 飭令則法不遷
37 10 only 飭令則法不遷
38 10 immediately 飭令則法不遷
39 10 xíng punishment; penalty 以刑治
40 10 xíng to punish; to penalize 以刑治
41 10 xíng to execute 以刑治
42 10 xíng convention; law 以刑治
43 10 xíng to carry out the law 以刑治
44 10 xíng to correct 以刑治
45 9 his; hers; its; theirs 必以其力
46 9 to add emphasis 必以其力
47 9 used when asking a question in reply to a question 必以其力
48 9 used when making a request or giving an order 必以其力
49 9 he; her; it; them 必以其力
50 9 probably; likely 必以其力
51 9 will 必以其力
52 9 may 必以其力
53 9 if 必以其力
54 9 or 必以其力
55 9 Qi 必以其力
56 8 chū to go out; to leave 使以粟出爵
57 8 chū measure word for dramas, plays, operas, etc 使以粟出爵
58 8 chū to produce; to put forth; to issue; to grow up 使以粟出爵
59 8 chū to extend; to spread 使以粟出爵
60 8 chū to appear 使以粟出爵
61 8 chū to exceed 使以粟出爵
62 8 chū to publish; to post 使以粟出爵
63 8 chū to take up an official post 使以粟出爵
64 8 chū to give birth 使以粟出爵
65 8 chū a verb complement 使以粟出爵
66 8 chū to occur; to happen 使以粟出爵
67 8 chū to divorce 使以粟出爵
68 8 chū to chase away 使以粟出爵
69 8 chū to escape; to leave 使以粟出爵
70 8 chū to give 使以粟出爵
71 8 chū to emit 使以粟出爵
72 8 chū quoted from 使以粟出爵
73 8 guó a country; a nation 則國必削
74 8 guó the capital of a state 則國必削
75 8 guó a feud; a vassal state 則國必削
76 8 guó a state; a kingdom 則國必削
77 8 guó a place; a land 則國必削
78 8 guó domestic; Chinese 則國必削
79 8 guó national 則國必削
80 8 guó top in the nation 則國必削
81 8 guó Guo 則國必削
82 8 wèi to call 此謂以成智謀
83 8 wèi to discuss; to comment on; to speak of; to tell about 此謂以成智謀
84 8 wèi to speak to; to address 此謂以成智謀
85 8 wèi to treat as; to regard as 此謂以成智謀
86 8 wèi introducing a condition situation 此謂以成智謀
87 8 wèi to speak to; to address 此謂以成智謀
88 8 wèi to think 此謂以成智謀
89 8 wèi for; is to be 此謂以成智謀
90 8 wèi to make; to cause 此謂以成智謀
91 8 wèi and 此謂以成智謀
92 8 wèi principle; reason 此謂以成智謀
93 8 wèi Wei 此謂以成智謀
94 7 gōng merit 任功則民少言
95 7 gōng service; work; effort 任功則民少言
96 7 gōng skill 任功則民少言
97 7 gōng an achievement; an accomplishment 任功則民少言
98 7 gōng deserving praise 任功則民少言
99 7 gōng level of morning ritual 任功則民少言
100 7 gōng an effect; a result 任功則民少言
101 7 gōng a kind of funeral dress 任功則民少言
102 7 gōng work (physics) 任功則民少言
103 7 mín the people; citizen; subjects 任功則民少言
104 7 mín Min 任功則民少言
105 7 not; no 飭令則法不遷
106 7 expresses that a certain condition cannot be acheived 飭令則法不遷
107 7 as a correlative 飭令則法不遷
108 7 no (answering a question) 飭令則法不遷
109 7 forms a negative adjective from a noun 飭令則法不遷
110 7 at the end of a sentence to form a question 飭令則法不遷
111 7 to form a yes or no question 飭令則法不遷
112 7 infix potential marker 飭令則法不遷
113 7 this; these 此謂以成智謀
114 7 in this way 此謂以成智謀
115 7 otherwise; but; however; so 此謂以成智謀
116 7 at this time; now; here 此謂以成智謀
117 6 zhī him; her; them; that 行都之過
118 6 zhī used between a modifier and a word to form a word group 行都之過
119 6 zhī to go 行都之過
120 6 zhī this; that 行都之過
121 6 zhī genetive marker 行都之過
122 6 zhī it 行都之過
123 6 zhī in; in regards to 行都之過
124 6 zhī all 行都之過
125 6 zhī and 行都之過
126 6 zhī however 行都之過
127 6 zhī if 行都之過
128 6 zhī then 行都之過
129 6 zhī to arrive; to go 行都之過
130 6 zhī is 行都之過
131 6 zhī to use 行都之過
132 6 zhī Zhi 行都之過
133 6 zhī winding 行都之過
134 6 yán to speak; to say; said 言有塞
135 6 yán language; talk; words; utterance; speech 言有塞
136 6 yán Kangxi radical 149 言有塞
137 6 yán a particle with no meaning 言有塞
138 6 yán phrase; sentence 言有塞
139 6 yán a word; a syllable 言有塞
140 6 yán a theory; a doctrine 言有塞
141 6 yán to regard as 言有塞
142 6 yán to act as 言有塞
143 6 certainly; must; will; necessarily 則國必削
144 6 must 則國必削
145 6 if; suppose 則國必削
146 6 Bi 則國必削
147 6 zhì to rule; to govern; to manage; to control 宿治者削
148 6 zhì to cure; to treat; to heal 宿治者削
149 6 zhì to annihilate 宿治者削
150 6 zhì to punish 宿治者削
151 6 zhì a government seat 宿治者削
152 6 zhì to be in order; to be well managed 宿治者削
153 6 zhì to study; to focus on 宿治者削
154 6 zhì a Taoist parish 宿治者削
155 5 使 shǐ to make; to cause 使以粟出爵
156 5 使 shǐ to make use of for labor 使以粟出爵
157 5 使 shǐ to indulge 使以粟出爵
158 5 使 shǐ an emissary; an envoy; ambassador; commissioner 使以粟出爵
159 5 使 shǐ to be sent on a diplomatic mission 使以粟出爵
160 5 使 shǐ to dispatch 使以粟出爵
161 5 使 shǐ if 使以粟出爵
162 5 使 shǐ to use 使以粟出爵
163 5 使 shǐ to be able to 使以粟出爵
164 5 method; way 飭令則法不遷
165 5 France 飭令則法不遷
166 5 the law; rules; regulations 飭令則法不遷
167 5 the teachings of the Buddha; Dharma 飭令則法不遷
168 5 a standard; a norm 飭令則法不遷
169 5 an institution 飭令則法不遷
170 5 to emulate 飭令則法不遷
171 5 magic; a magic trick 飭令則法不遷
172 5 punishment 飭令則法不遷
173 5 Fa 飭令則法不遷
174 5 a precedent 飭令則法不遷
175 5 a classification of some kinds of Han texts 飭令則法不遷
176 5 relating to a ceremony or rite 飭令則法不遷
177 5 shǎng to grant; to bestow 以賞戰
178 5 shǎng a reward 以賞戰
179 5 shǎng to appreciate; to esteem 以賞戰
180 5 shǎng to enjoy 以賞戰
181 5 shǎng to praise 以賞戰
182 5 shǎng to respect; to revere 以賞戰
183 5 shǎng Shang 以賞戰
184 5 gōng to attack; to assault 案兵不攻必富
185 5 gōng to discredit; to impugn; to criticize 案兵不攻必富
186 5 gōng to remedy; to cure 案兵不攻必富
187 5 gōng to work at; to handle 案兵不攻必富
188 5 gōng workmanship; expertise 案兵不攻必富
189 5 gōng exaction by the state 案兵不攻必富
190 5 gōng sturdy; strong 案兵不攻必富
191 5 gōng to govern; to administer 案兵不攻必富
192 5 gōng Gong 案兵不攻必富
193 5 also; too 不可滿也
194 5 a final modal particle indicating certainy or decision 不可滿也
195 5 either 不可滿也
196 5 even 不可滿也
197 5 used to soften the tone 不可滿也
198 5 used for emphasis 不可滿也
199 5 used to mark contrast 不可滿也
200 5 used to mark compromise 不可滿也
201 4 gain; advantage; benefit 利出一空者
202 4 profit 利出一空者
203 4 sharp 利出一空者
204 4 to benefit; to serve 利出一空者
205 4 Li 利出一空者
206 4 to be useful 利出一空者
207 4 smooth; without a hitch 利出一空者
208 4 no 法平則吏無姦
209 4 Kangxi radical 71 法平則吏無姦
210 4 to not have; without 法平則吏無姦
211 4 has not yet 法平則吏無姦
212 4 mo 法平則吏無姦
213 4 do not 法平則吏無姦
214 4 not; -less; un- 法平則吏無姦
215 4 regardless of 法平則吏無姦
216 4 to not have 法平則吏無姦
217 4 um 法平則吏無姦
218 4 Wu 法平則吏無姦
219 4 jué ancient bronze wine holder 使以粟出爵
220 4 jué a feudal title or rank 使以粟出爵
221 4 què a small bird 使以粟出爵
222 4 jué to bestow a title 使以粟出爵
223 4 do not 而天下莫之能侵也
224 4 Mo 而天下莫之能侵也
225 4 there is none; neither 而天下莫之能侵也
226 4 cannot; unable to 而天下莫之能侵也
227 4 qīng light; not heavy 輕其任
228 4 qīng easy; relaxed; carefree 輕其任
229 4 qīng simple; convenient 輕其任
230 4 qīng small in number or degree 輕其任
231 4 qīng gentle 輕其任
232 4 qīng to belittle; to make light of 輕其任
233 4 qīng nimble; agile; portable 輕其任
234 4 qīng unimportant 輕其任
235 4 qīng frivolous 輕其任
236 4 qīng imprudent 輕其任
237 4 qīng to smooth 輕其任
238 4 qīng to soothe 輕其任
239 4 qīng lowly 輕其任
240 4 to take; to get; to fetch 兵出必取
241 4 to obtain 兵出必取
242 4 to choose; to select 兵出必取
243 4 to catch; to seize; to capture 兵出必取
244 4 to accept; to receive 兵出必取
245 4 to seek 兵出必取
246 4 to take a bride 兵出必取
247 4 placed after a verb to mark an action 兵出必取
248 4 Qu 兵出必取
249 3 jiān a traitor 法平則吏無姦
250 3 jiān to commit adultery 法平則吏無姦
251 3 jiān treacherous; evil; wicked 法平則吏無姦
252 3 jiān to violate 法平則吏無姦
253 3 jiān wicked; false; deceitful 法平則吏無姦
254 3 jiān a traitor; a sinister person; a villian 法平則吏無姦
255 3 jiān a rebellion 法平則吏無姦
256 3 jiān to commit adultery 法平則吏無姦
257 3 jiān to seek after 法平則吏無姦
258 3 jiān a criminal 法平則吏無姦
259 3 néng can; able 而天下莫之能侵也
260 3 néng ability; capacity 而天下莫之能侵也
261 3 néng a mythical bear-like beast 而天下莫之能侵也
262 3 néng energy 而天下莫之能侵也
263 3 néng function; use 而天下莫之能侵也
264 3 néng may; should; permitted to 而天下莫之能侵也
265 3 néng talent 而天下莫之能侵也
266 3 néng expert at 而天下莫之能侵也
267 3 néng to be in harmony 而天下莫之能侵也
268 3 néng to tend to; to care for 而天下莫之能侵也
269 3 néng to reach; to arrive at 而天下莫之能侵也
270 3 néng as long as; only 而天下莫之能侵也
271 3 néng even if 而天下莫之能侵也
272 3 néng but 而天下莫之能侵也
273 3 néng in this way 而天下莫之能侵也
274 3 rèn to bear; to undertake 任功則民少言
275 3 rèn to trust to; to rely on 任功則民少言
276 3 rèn duty; responsibility 任功則民少言
277 3 rèn to allow; to permit 任功則民少言
278 3 rèn to appoint 任功則民少言
279 3 rèn no matter 任功則民少言
280 3 rén Ren 任功則民少言
281 3 rèn to take office 任功則民少言
282 3 rèn term 任功則民少言
283 3 rén Ren county 任功則民少言
284 3 rèn an office; a post 任功則民少言
285 3 rèn to be pregnant 任功則民少言
286 3 rén crafty and fawning 任功則民少言
287 3 purposely; intentionally; deliberately; knowingly 故莫訟
288 3 old; ancient; former; past 故莫訟
289 3 reason; cause; purpose 故莫訟
290 3 to die 故莫訟
291 3 so; therefore; hence 故莫訟
292 3 original 故莫訟
293 3 accident; happening; instance 故莫訟
294 3 a friend; an acquaintance; friendship 故莫訟
295 3 something in the past 故莫訟
296 3 deceased; dead 故莫訟
297 3 still; yet 故莫訟
298 3 duō over; indicates a number greater than the number preceding it 物多末眾
299 3 duó many; much 物多末眾
300 3 duō more 物多末眾
301 3 duō an unspecified extent 物多末眾
302 3 duō used in exclamations 物多末眾
303 3 duō excessive 物多末眾
304 3 duō to what extent 物多末眾
305 3 duō abundant 物多末眾
306 3 duō to multiply; to acrue 物多末眾
307 3 duō mostly 物多末眾
308 3 duō simply; merely 物多末眾
309 3 duō frequently 物多末眾
310 3 duō very 物多末眾
311 3 duō Duo 物多末眾
312 3 duàn absolutely; decidedly 行法曲斷
313 3 duàn to judge 行法曲斷
314 3 duàn to severe; to break 行法曲斷
315 3 duàn to stop 行法曲斷
316 3 duàn to quit; to give up 行法曲斷
317 3 duàn to intercept 行法曲斷
318 3 duàn to divide 行法曲斷
319 3 duàn to isolate 行法曲斷
320 3 force 必以其力
321 3 Kangxi radical 19 必以其力
322 3 to exert oneself; to make an effort 必以其力
323 3 to force 必以其力
324 3 resolutely; strenuously 必以其力
325 3 labor; forced labor 必以其力
326 3 physical strength 必以其力
327 3 power 必以其力
328 3 Li 必以其力
329 3 ability; capability 必以其力
330 3 influence 必以其力
331 3 zhòng heavy 重刑少賞
332 3 chóng to repeat 重刑少賞
333 3 chóng repetition; iteration; layer 重刑少賞
334 3 chóng again 重刑少賞
335 3 zhòng significant; serious; important 重刑少賞
336 3 chóng layered; folded; tiered 重刑少賞
337 3 zhòng to attach importance to; to honor; to respect 重刑少賞
338 3 zhòng sad 重刑少賞
339 3 zhòng a weight 重刑少賞
340 3 zhòng large in amount; valuable 重刑少賞
341 3 zhòng thick; dense; strong 重刑少賞
342 3 zhòng to prefer 重刑少賞
343 3 zhòng to add 重刑少賞
344 3 zhòng cautiously; prudently 重刑少賞
345 3 shí ten 出一取十
346 3 shí Kangxi radical 24 出一取十
347 3 shí tenth 出一取十
348 3 shí complete; perfect 出一取十
349 3 shòu to teach 授官爵出利祿不以功
350 3 shòu to award; to give 授官爵出利祿不以功
351 3 shòu to appoint 授官爵出利祿不以功
352 3 to go 此謂以治去治
353 3 to remove; to wipe off; to eliminate 此謂以治去治
354 3 to be distant 此謂以治去治
355 3 to leave 此謂以治去治
356 3 to play a part 此謂以治去治
357 3 to abandon; to give up 此謂以治去治
358 3 to die 此謂以治去治
359 3 previous; past 此謂以治去治
360 3 to send out; to issue; to drive away 此謂以治去治
361 3 expresses a tendency 此謂以治去治
362 3 falling tone 此謂以治去治
363 3 to lose 此謂以治去治
364 3 Qu 此謂以治去治
365 3 and 國以功授官與爵
366 3 to give 國以功授官與爵
367 3 together with 國以功授官與爵
368 3 interrogative particle 國以功授官與爵
369 3 to accompany 國以功授官與爵
370 3 to particate in 國以功授官與爵
371 3 of the same kind 國以功授官與爵
372 3 to help 國以功授官與爵
373 3 for 國以功授官與爵
374 3 shàng top; a high position 上愛民
375 3 shang top; the position on or above something 上愛民
376 3 shàng to go up; to go forward 上愛民
377 3 shàng shang 上愛民
378 3 shàng previous; last 上愛民
379 3 shàng high; higher 上愛民
380 3 shàng advanced 上愛民
381 3 shàng a monarch; a sovereign 上愛民
382 3 shàng time 上愛民
383 3 shàng to do something; to do something at a set time; to go to 上愛民
384 3 shàng far 上愛民
385 3 shàng big; as big as 上愛民
386 3 shàng abundant; plentiful 上愛民
387 3 shàng to report 上愛民
388 3 shàng to offer 上愛民
389 3 shàng to go on stage 上愛民
390 3 shàng to take office; to assume a post 上愛民
391 3 shàng to install; to erect 上愛民
392 3 shàng to suffer; to sustain 上愛民
393 3 shàng to burn 上愛民
394 3 shàng to remember 上愛民
395 3 shang on; in 上愛民
396 3 shàng upward 上愛民
397 3 shàng to add 上愛民
398 3 shàng to fix; to install; to apply (powder, makeup, etc) 上愛民
399 3 shàng to meet 上愛民
400 3 shàng falling then rising (4th) tone 上愛民
401 3 shang used after a verb indicating a result 上愛民
402 3 shàng a musical note 上愛民
403 3 yǒu is; are; to exist 言有塞
404 3 yǒu to have; to possess 言有塞
405 3 yǒu indicates an estimate 言有塞
406 3 yǒu indicates a large quantity 言有塞
407 3 yǒu indicates an affirmative response 言有塞
408 3 yǒu a certain; used before a person, time, or place 言有塞
409 3 yǒu used to compare two things 言有塞
410 3 yǒu used in a polite formula before certain verbs 言有塞
411 3 yǒu used before the names of dynasties 言有塞
412 3 yǒu a certain thing; what exists 言有塞
413 3 yǒu multiple of ten and ... 言有塞
414 3 yǒu abundant 言有塞
415 3 yǒu purposeful 言有塞
416 3 yǒu You 言有塞
417 3 guān an office 國以功授官與爵
418 3 guān an official; a government official 國以功授官與爵
419 3 guān official; state-run 國以功授官與爵
420 3 guān an official body; a state organization; bureau 國以功授官與爵
421 3 guān an official rank; an official title 國以功授官與爵
422 3 guān governance 國以功授官與爵
423 3 guān a sense organ 國以功授官與爵
424 3 guān office 國以功授官與爵
425 3 guān public 國以功授官與爵
426 3 guān an organ 國以功授官與爵
427 3 guān a polite form of address 國以功授官與爵
428 3 guān Guan 國以功授官與爵
429 3 guān to appoint 國以功授官與爵
430 3 guān to hold a post 國以功授官與爵
431 3 ér and; as well as; but (not); yet (not) 而天下莫之能侵也
432 3 ér Kangxi radical 126 而天下莫之能侵也
433 3 ér you 而天下莫之能侵也
434 3 ér not only ... but also ....; ... as well as ...; moreover; in addition; furthermore 而天下莫之能侵也
435 3 ér right away; then 而天下莫之能侵也
436 3 ér but; yet; however; while; nevertheless 而天下莫之能侵也
437 3 ér if; in case; in the event that 而天下莫之能侵也
438 3 ér therefore; as a result; thus 而天下莫之能侵也
439 3 ér how can it be that? 而天下莫之能侵也
440 3 ér so as to 而天下莫之能侵也
441 3 ér only then 而天下莫之能侵也
442 3 ér as if; to seem like 而天下莫之能侵也
443 3 néng can; able 而天下莫之能侵也
444 3 ér whiskers on the cheeks; sideburns 而天下莫之能侵也
445 3 ér me 而天下莫之能侵也
446 3 ér to arrive; up to 而天下莫之能侵也
447 3 ér possessive 而天下莫之能侵也
448 3 xiāo to scrape off; to pare 宿治者削
449 3 xuē to reduce; to weaken 宿治者削
450 3 xiāo to cut up 宿治者削
451 3 xiāo to eliminate 宿治者削
452 3 xiāo to exploit; to plunder 宿治者削
453 3 xiāo to blame 宿治者削
454 2 輕者 qīngzhě less serious case; in less severe cases 行刑重其輕者
455 2 dāng to be; to act as; to serve as 三寸之管毋當
456 2 dāng at or in the very same; be apposite 三寸之管毋當
457 2 dāng dang (sound of a bell) 三寸之管毋當
458 2 dāng to face 三寸之管毋當
459 2 dāng to accept; to bear; to support; to inherit 三寸之管毋當
460 2 dāng to manage; to host 三寸之管毋當
461 2 dāng should 三寸之管毋當
462 2 dāng to treat; to regard as 三寸之管毋當
463 2 dǎng to think 三寸之管毋當
464 2 dàng suitable; correspond to 三寸之管毋當
465 2 dǎng to be equal 三寸之管毋當
466 2 dàng that 三寸之管毋當
467 2 dāng an end; top 三寸之管毋當
468 2 dàng clang; jingle 三寸之管毋當
469 2 dāng to judge 三寸之管毋當
470 2 dǎng to bear on one's shoulder 三寸之管毋當
471 2 dàng the same 三寸之管毋當
472 2 dàng to pawn 三寸之管毋當
473 2 dàng to fail [an exam] 三寸之管毋當
474 2 dàng a trap 三寸之管毋當
475 2 dàng a pawned item 三寸之管毋當
476 2 yòng to use; to apply 厚祿以用術
477 2 yòng Kangxi radical 101 厚祿以用術
478 2 yòng to eat 厚祿以用術
479 2 yòng to spend 厚祿以用術
480 2 yòng expense 厚祿以用術
481 2 yòng a use; usage 厚祿以用術
482 2 yòng to need; must 厚祿以用術
483 2 yòng useful; practical 厚祿以用術
484 2 yòng to use up; to use all of something 厚祿以用術
485 2 yòng by means of; with 厚祿以用術
486 2 yòng to work (an animal) 厚祿以用術
487 2 yòng to appoint 厚祿以用術
488 2 yòng to administer; to manager 厚祿以用術
489 2 yòng to control 厚祿以用術
490 2 yòng to access 厚祿以用術
491 2 yòng Yong 厚祿以用術
492 2 shèng to beat; to win; to conquer 農弛姦勝
493 2 shèng victory; success 農弛姦勝
494 2 shèng wonderful; supurb; superior 農弛姦勝
495 2 shèng to surpass 農弛姦勝
496 2 shèng triumphant 農弛姦勝
497 2 shèng a scenic view 農弛姦勝
498 2 shèng a woman's hair decoration 農弛姦勝
499 2 shèng Sheng 農弛姦勝
500 2 shèng completely; fully 農弛姦勝

People, places

and other proper nouns

Simplified Traditional Pinyin English
九里 106 Liuli

Glossary

Buddhist terminology, except the proper nouns listed above. Number of terms: 0.

Simplified Traditional Pinyin English